By: Leah Giladi 

During the Civil War, New York played a pivotal role by sending the largest number of soldiers to the Union Army. In the Battle of Gettysburg, New York troops constituted the second-largest group from any state, contributing significantly to the Army of the Potomac, comprising 68 infantry regiments, one infantry battalion, sharpshooter companies, cavalry regiments, an independent cavalry company, and artillery batteries. Major Generals Daniel Sickles and Henry Slocum, both from New York, led the Army of the Potomac during this crucial battle.

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In the Battle of Gettysburg, Major General Henry Slocum faced criticism for hesitancy and indecisiveness on the first day of fighting, leading to his reassignment to the war's western theater under General Joseph Hooker. Meanwhile, Major General Daniel Sickles, in command of the 3rd Corps, disobeyed orders on the second day, moving his troops to the Peach Orchard instead of covering the Round Tops. This decision resulted in the 3rd Corps being stretched too thin, leading to their overrun and retreat. Despite the disaster, Sickles displayed immense bravery, suffering severe casualties and losing a leg. This year, nearly 35 years later, he has been awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at Gettysburg.

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Sickles' disobedience remains a subject of debate among historians. Some argue that his unusual move was necessary for the Union's victory, emphasizing Sickles' commitment and tenacity. Others contend that his actions were reckless and that adhering to orders would have resulted in a smoother process and a more assured victory. The varying opinions surrounding Sickles' decisions underscore the complexity of assessing the Battle of Gettysburg and the differing degrees of success shown by different New York officers.